Population-based screening of oral cancer through visual examination by trained FHWs is established as a cost-effective approach, reducing the mortality rate by 34%7. Studies have demonstrated the feasibility of trained FHWs in identifying oral lesions7,14,18,22, however, scalability was a concern, due to the inability to consistently train manpower. This study, to the best of our knowledge, is a first of its kind that deployed a PoC diagnostic tool to empower FHWs in a community-based screening program, for early detection of oral cancer. The findings of the study suggest that this portable imaging device empowered the FHWs for accurate screening and surveillance of oral cancer in a resource-constrained setting (Table 1). The sensitivity of the device in tele-diagnosis (95%) and in PoC diagnosis (82%), were comparable to the direct examination by onsite specialists, indicating the feasibility of the approach as a potential oral cancer screening strategy in resource-constrained, high-risk populations (Fig. 3).
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This study validated a simple, easy-to-use, economical, and portable PoC diagnostic tool that enables automated diagnosis in low-resource settings. Although continuous monitoring and constant knowledge retention of FHWs improves the efficacy of the screening program, the accuracy of FHW to independently detect lesion was still low, emphasising the need for a diagnostic adjunct. The most significant component of this study is the device being amenable to use by FHWs in low-resource settings for screening and surveillance of oral cancer. With the widespread application of the integrated imaging system validated in this study, it will mitigate the need for an onsite specialist during screening and increase compliance in FHW-led oral cancer screening programs. Adaptation of the results in population-wide cancer screening and early detection programs would enable optimal utilization of human resources in low-resource settings and help in achieving the goal of down-staging oral cancer at diagnosis.
We have previously developed a portable Pocket Colposcope for cervical cancer screening in resource-limited settings. In this manuscript we report two different strategies (cross-polarization and an integrated reflector) to improve image contrast levels achieved with the Pocket Colposcope and evaluate the merits of each strategy compared to a standard-of-care digital colposcope. The desired outcomes included reduced specular reflection (glare), increased illumination beam pattern uniformity, and reduced electrical power budget. In addition, anti-fogging and waterproofing features were incorporated to prevent the Pocket Colposcope from fogging in the vaginal canal and to enable rapid disinfection by submersion in chemical agents.
Jarred Walton is a senior editor at Tom's Hardware focusing on everything GPU. He has been working as a tech journalist since 2004, writing for AnandTech, Maximum PC, and PC Gamer. From the first S3 Virge '3D decelerators' to today's GPUs, Jarred keeps up with all the latest graphics trends and is the one to ask about game performance."}; var triggerHydrate = function() window.sliceComponents.authorBio.hydrate(data, componentContainer); var triggerScriptLoadThenHydrate = function() var script = document.createElement('script'); script.src = ' -8-2/authorBio.js'; script.async = true; script.id = 'vanilla-slice-authorBio-component-script'; script.onload = () => window.sliceComponents.authorBio = authorBio; triggerHydrate(); ; document.head.append(script); if (window.lazyObserveElement) window.lazyObserveElement(componentContainer, triggerScriptLoadThenHydrate); else triggerHydrate(); } }).catch(err => console.log('Hydration Script has failed for authorBio Slice', err)); }).catch(err => console.log('Externals script failed to load', err));Jarred WaltonSocial Links NavigationJarred Walton is a senior editor at Tom's Hardware focusing on everything GPU. He has been working as a tech journalist since 2004, writing for AnandTech, Maximum PC, and PC Gamer. From the first S3 Virge '3D decelerators' to today's GPUs, Jarred keeps up with all the latest graphics trends and is the one to ask about game performance.
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